Database management system
Introduction to DBMS
A database-management system (DBMS) is a collection of interrelated data and a set of programs to access those data. The collection of data, usually referred to as the database, contains information relevant to an enterprise.The primary goal of a DBMS is to provide a way to store and retrieve database information that is both convenient and efficient. Database systems are designed to manage large bodies of information. Management of data involves both defining structures for storage of information and providing mechanisms for the manipulation of information. In addition, the database system must ensure the safety of the information stored, despite system crashes or attempts at unauthorized access. If data are to be shared among several users, the system must avoid possible anomalous results. Because information is so important in most organizations, computer scientists have developed a large body of concepts and techniques for managing data. These concepts and technique form the focus of this book. This chapter briefly introduces the principles of database systems.
1.1 Database System Applications
Databases are widely used. Here are some representative applications:
• Banking: For customer information, accounts, and loans, and banking transactions.
• Airlines: For reservations and schedule information. Airlines were among the first to use databases in a geographically distributed manner terminals situated around the world accessed the central database system through phone lines and other data networks.
• Universities: For student information, course registrations, and grades.
• Creditcardtransactions:Forpurchasesoncreditcardsandgenerationofmonth- ly statements.
• Telecommunication:Forkeepingrecordsofcallsmade,generatingmonthlybills, maintaining balances on prepaid calling cards, and storing information about the communication networks.
• Finance: For storing information about holdings, sales, and purchases of finan- cial instruments such as stocks and bonds.
• Sales: For customer, product, and purchase information.
• Manufacturing: For management of supply chain and for tracking production of items in factories, inventoriesof items in warehouses/stores, and ordersfor items.
• Human resources: For information about employees, salaries, payroll taxes and benefits, and for generation of paychecks.
Introduction to DBMS
A database-management system (DBMS) is a collection of interrelated data and a set of programs to access those data. The collection of data, usually referred to as the database, contains information relevant to an enterprise.The primary goal of a DBMS is to provide a way to store and retrieve database information that is both convenient and efficient. Database systems are designed to manage large bodies of information. Management of data involves both defining structures for storage of information and providing mechanisms for the manipulation of information. In addition, the database system must ensure the safety of the information stored, despite system crashes or attempts at unauthorized access. If data are to be shared among several users, the system must avoid possible anomalous results. Because information is so important in most organizations, computer scientists have developed a large body of concepts and techniques for managing data. These concepts and technique form the focus of this book. This chapter briefly introduces the principles of database systems.
1.1 Database System Applications
Databases are widely used. Here are some representative applications:
• Banking: For customer information, accounts, and loans, and banking transactions.
• Airlines: For reservations and schedule information. Airlines were among the first to use databases in a geographically distributed manner terminals situated around the world accessed the central database system through phone lines and other data networks.
• Universities: For student information, course registrations, and grades.
• Creditcardtransactions:Forpurchasesoncreditcardsandgenerationofmonth- ly statements.
• Telecommunication:Forkeepingrecordsofcallsmade,generatingmonthlybills, maintaining balances on prepaid calling cards, and storing information about the communication networks.
• Finance: For storing information about holdings, sales, and purchases of finan- cial instruments such as stocks and bonds.
• Sales: For customer, product, and purchase information.
• Manufacturing: For management of supply chain and for tracking production of items in factories, inventoriesof items in warehouses/stores, and ordersfor items.
• Human resources: For information about employees, salaries, payroll taxes and benefits, and for generation of paychecks.
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